Araştırma Makalesi
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Evaluation of Histomorphological Findings in Thyroid Cancers and Association with Diabetes

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 180 - 184, 10.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.52827/hititmedj.1301998

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between thyroid cancer types and Diabetes Mellitus (DM).
Material and Methods: Between 2016-2018, 406 thyroidectomy cases diagnosed in the Pathology department of Hitit University Erol Olçok Training and Research Hospital were retrospectively reviewed from the hospital computer registration system and the archive of the Pathology clinic. Among these cases, patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer were identified. Among the thyroid cancer cases, those diagnosed with DM were identified using hospital records. Cases were classified based on diagnosis, gender, age, tumor type, tumor localization, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis, and distant organ metastasis. HBME1, Galactin 3, and Cytokeratin-19 expression were analyzed immunohistochemically.
Results: There were 109 patients diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma. The mean age of these patients was 51.1 years, and the male/female ratio was 2.9. Cancer cases were most common in the fourth decade. There were 55 (50.5%) cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma, 48 (44.0%) cases of microcarcinoma, 3 (2.8%) cases of follicular carcinoma and 3 (2.8%) cases of medullary carcinoma. Vascular invasion and capsular invasion were observed in 12 cases (11.0%). Lymph node metastasis was present in 2 (1.8%) patients diagnosed with thyroid papillary carcinoma. DM was present in 14 (12.8%) of 109 patients with thyroid cancer. When the DM rate of the patients in our study group was compared with the DM rate in the general population, no statistically significant difference was found (p=0.519).
Conclusion: In our study, DM was not found to be a risk factor for thyroid cancer. Due to the low association rate of DM, it is necessary to check the thyroid gland in patients with diabetes mellitus. More data and further studies are needed to indicate that diabetes is a risk factor for thyroid cancer.

Kaynakça

  • Steenland K, Nowlin S, Palu S. Cancer incidence in the National Health and Nutrition Survey I. Follow-up data: diabetes, cholesterol, pulse and physical activity. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prevention 1995;4:807–811.
  • Michels KB, Solomon CG, Hu FB et al. Nurses’ Health Study. Type 2 diabetes and subsequent incidence of breast cancer in the Nurses’ Health Study. Diabetes Care 2003;26: 1752–1758.
  • Rastad H, Parsaeian M, Shirzad N, Mansournia MA, Yazdani K. Diabetes mellitus and cancer incidence: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019;18:65–72.
  • Chen Y, Wu F, Saito E et al. Association between type 2 diabetes and risk of cancer mortality: a pooled analysis of over 771,000 individuals in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Diabetologia 2017;60: 1022–1032.
  • Pladys A, Couchoud C, LeGuillou A, Siebert M, Vigneau C, Bayat S. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes and cancer mortality in the 2002–2009 cohort of 39,811 French dialyzed patients. PLoS One 2015;10(5):e0125089.
  • Kim J, Gosnell JE, Roman SA. Geographic influences in the global rise of thyroid cancer. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2020;16:17–29
  • Yeo Y, Ma SH, Hwang Y et al. Diabetes Mellitus and risk of thyroid cancer : a meta-analysis. PLoSOne 2014;9(6):e98135.
  • Aschebrook-Kilfoy B, Sabra MM, Brenner A et al. Diabetes and thyroid cancer risk in the National Institutes of HealthAARP Diet and Health Study. Thyroid 2011;21(9):957–963.
  • Liu X, Hemminki K, Försti A, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Ji J. Cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their relatives. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:903–910.
  • Kitahara CM, Platz EA, Beane Freeman LE et al. Physical activity, diabetes, and thyroid cancer risk: a pooled analysis of five prospective studies. Cancer Causes Control 2012;23:463–471.
  • Tseng CH. Thyroid cancer risk is not increased in diabetic patients. PLoSOne 2012;7:e53096.
  • Seo YG, Choi HC, An AR et al. The Association between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Thyroid Cancer. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:5850879.
  • Luo J, Phillips L, Liu S, Wactawski-Wende J, Margolis KL. Diabetes. Diabetes Treatment, and Risk of Thyroid Cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016;101:1243–1248.
  • Jee SH, Ohrr H, Sull JW, Yun JE, Ji M, Samet JM. Fasting serum glucose level and cancer risk in Korean men and women. JAMA 2005;293:194–202.
  • Giovannucci E, Harlan DM, Archer MC et al. Diabetes and cancer: a consensus report. Diabetes Care 2010;33(7): 1674–1685.
  • Tabák AG, Jokela M, Akbaraly TN, Brunner EJ, Kivimäki M, Witte DR. Trajectories of glycaemia, insulin sensitivity, and insulin secretion before diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: an analysis from the Whitehall II study. Lancet 2009;373(9682):2215–2221
  • Yildiz SY, Berkem H, Yuksel BC, Ozel H, Kendirci M, Hengirmen S. The rising trend of papillary carcinoma in thyroidectomies: 14-years of experience in a referral center of Turkey. World J Surg Oncol 2014;12:34.
  • Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer statistics,2013. CA Cancer J. Clin 2013;63:11-30.
  • WHO Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs, Edited by Ricardo V. Lloyd, Robert T. Osamura, Günter Klöppel, Juan Rosai, IARC, Lyon, 2017;p81.
  • Noto H, Tsujimoto T, Sasazuki T, Noda M. Significantly increased risk of cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocr Pract 2011;17:616–628.
  • Malaguarnera R, Belfiore A. The insulin receptor: a new target for cancer therapy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2011;2:93.
  • Djiogue S, NwaboKamdje AH, Vecchio L, et al. Insulin resistance and cancer: the role of insulin and IGFs. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013;20:1–17.
  • Shyang RS, Chiu WY, Chang TC, Tseng CH. Diabetes and Thyroid Cancer Risk: Literature Review. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Experimental Diabetes Research Volume 2012, Article ID 578285.
  • Balasubramaniam S, Ron E, Gridley G, Schneider AB, Brenner AV. Association between benign thyroid and endocrine disorders and subsequent risk of thyroid cancer among 4,5 million U.S male veterans. J.Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012;97:2661-2669.
  • Wang M, Gong WW, Lu F, Hu RY, He QF, Yu M. The association between diabetes and thyroid cancer risk: a hospital-based case-control study in China. BMC Endocr Disord 2021 Jan 28;21:21.
  • International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas. 7th edition.(2015) http://www.diabetesatlas.org. (Erişim tarihi: 15.08.2018).
  • Satman I, Omer B, Tutuncu Y et al. Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol 2013;28:169–180.

Tiroid Kanserlerinde Histomorfolojik Bulguların Değerlendirilmesi ve Diyabet ile Birlikteliği

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 180 - 184, 10.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.52827/hititmedj.1301998

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada tiroid kanseri türleri ile diabetes mellitus arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2016-2018 yılları arasında Hitit Üniversitesi Erol Olçok Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Patoloji bölümünde tanı alan 406 tiroidektomi olgusu retrospektif olarak hastane bilgisayar kayıt sisteminden ve Patoloji kliniği arşivinden tarandı. Bu vakalar içerisinden tiroid kanseri tanısı alanlar belirlendi. Tiroid kanserli olgulardan Diyabetes Mellitus tanılı olanlar hastane bilgi sisteminden tespit edildi. Olgular tanılarına, cinsiyet, yaş, tümör tipi, tümör lokalizasyonu, tümör çapı, lenf nodu metastazı ve uzak organ metastazı açısından sınıflandırıldı. İmmünohistokimyasal HBME1, Galaktin 3 ve Sitokeratin-19 ekspresyonu incelendi.
Bulgular: Tiroid karsinomu tanısı alan 109 olgu vardı. Bu olguların yaş ortalaması 51,1’di. Kadın/erkek oranı 2,9’du. Kanser olguları 4. dekatta en yüksek oranda görülmekteydi. Tiroid papiller karsinom 55 (%50,5), mikrokarsinom 48 (%44,0), folliküler karsinom 3 (%2,8) ve medüller karsinom tanısı alan 3 (%2,8) olgu vardı. Olguların 12’inde (%11,0) vasküler invazyon ve kapsül invazyonu vardı. Tiroid papiller karsinom tanısı alan 2 (%1,8) olguda lenf nodu metastazı vardı. Tiroid kanserli 109 hastanın 14’ünde (%12,8) diyabetes mellitus vardı. Çalışma grubumuzdaki hastaların diyabet oranı ile genel popülasyon diyabet oranı karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır (p=0,519).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda diyabetin tiroid kanseri için bir risk faktörü olmadığı görülmüştür. Diyabetin düşük orandaki birlikteliği nedeniyle, diyabetli hastalarda tiroid bezi kontrolünün yapılmasının gerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Diyabetin tiroid kanseri için bir risk faktörü olduğunu belirtmek için daha çok veriye ihtiyaç vardır.

Kaynakça

  • Steenland K, Nowlin S, Palu S. Cancer incidence in the National Health and Nutrition Survey I. Follow-up data: diabetes, cholesterol, pulse and physical activity. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prevention 1995;4:807–811.
  • Michels KB, Solomon CG, Hu FB et al. Nurses’ Health Study. Type 2 diabetes and subsequent incidence of breast cancer in the Nurses’ Health Study. Diabetes Care 2003;26: 1752–1758.
  • Rastad H, Parsaeian M, Shirzad N, Mansournia MA, Yazdani K. Diabetes mellitus and cancer incidence: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019;18:65–72.
  • Chen Y, Wu F, Saito E et al. Association between type 2 diabetes and risk of cancer mortality: a pooled analysis of over 771,000 individuals in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Diabetologia 2017;60: 1022–1032.
  • Pladys A, Couchoud C, LeGuillou A, Siebert M, Vigneau C, Bayat S. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes and cancer mortality in the 2002–2009 cohort of 39,811 French dialyzed patients. PLoS One 2015;10(5):e0125089.
  • Kim J, Gosnell JE, Roman SA. Geographic influences in the global rise of thyroid cancer. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2020;16:17–29
  • Yeo Y, Ma SH, Hwang Y et al. Diabetes Mellitus and risk of thyroid cancer : a meta-analysis. PLoSOne 2014;9(6):e98135.
  • Aschebrook-Kilfoy B, Sabra MM, Brenner A et al. Diabetes and thyroid cancer risk in the National Institutes of HealthAARP Diet and Health Study. Thyroid 2011;21(9):957–963.
  • Liu X, Hemminki K, Försti A, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Ji J. Cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their relatives. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:903–910.
  • Kitahara CM, Platz EA, Beane Freeman LE et al. Physical activity, diabetes, and thyroid cancer risk: a pooled analysis of five prospective studies. Cancer Causes Control 2012;23:463–471.
  • Tseng CH. Thyroid cancer risk is not increased in diabetic patients. PLoSOne 2012;7:e53096.
  • Seo YG, Choi HC, An AR et al. The Association between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Thyroid Cancer. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:5850879.
  • Luo J, Phillips L, Liu S, Wactawski-Wende J, Margolis KL. Diabetes. Diabetes Treatment, and Risk of Thyroid Cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016;101:1243–1248.
  • Jee SH, Ohrr H, Sull JW, Yun JE, Ji M, Samet JM. Fasting serum glucose level and cancer risk in Korean men and women. JAMA 2005;293:194–202.
  • Giovannucci E, Harlan DM, Archer MC et al. Diabetes and cancer: a consensus report. Diabetes Care 2010;33(7): 1674–1685.
  • Tabák AG, Jokela M, Akbaraly TN, Brunner EJ, Kivimäki M, Witte DR. Trajectories of glycaemia, insulin sensitivity, and insulin secretion before diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: an analysis from the Whitehall II study. Lancet 2009;373(9682):2215–2221
  • Yildiz SY, Berkem H, Yuksel BC, Ozel H, Kendirci M, Hengirmen S. The rising trend of papillary carcinoma in thyroidectomies: 14-years of experience in a referral center of Turkey. World J Surg Oncol 2014;12:34.
  • Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer statistics,2013. CA Cancer J. Clin 2013;63:11-30.
  • WHO Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs, Edited by Ricardo V. Lloyd, Robert T. Osamura, Günter Klöppel, Juan Rosai, IARC, Lyon, 2017;p81.
  • Noto H, Tsujimoto T, Sasazuki T, Noda M. Significantly increased risk of cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocr Pract 2011;17:616–628.
  • Malaguarnera R, Belfiore A. The insulin receptor: a new target for cancer therapy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2011;2:93.
  • Djiogue S, NwaboKamdje AH, Vecchio L, et al. Insulin resistance and cancer: the role of insulin and IGFs. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013;20:1–17.
  • Shyang RS, Chiu WY, Chang TC, Tseng CH. Diabetes and Thyroid Cancer Risk: Literature Review. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Experimental Diabetes Research Volume 2012, Article ID 578285.
  • Balasubramaniam S, Ron E, Gridley G, Schneider AB, Brenner AV. Association between benign thyroid and endocrine disorders and subsequent risk of thyroid cancer among 4,5 million U.S male veterans. J.Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012;97:2661-2669.
  • Wang M, Gong WW, Lu F, Hu RY, He QF, Yu M. The association between diabetes and thyroid cancer risk: a hospital-based case-control study in China. BMC Endocr Disord 2021 Jan 28;21:21.
  • International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas. 7th edition.(2015) http://www.diabetesatlas.org. (Erişim tarihi: 15.08.2018).
  • Satman I, Omer B, Tutuncu Y et al. Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol 2013;28:169–180.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Havva Hande Keser Şahin 0000-0003-1827-1039

Orhan Aslan 0000-0002-1982-0792

Yılmaz Baş 0000-0002-4229-8568

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Ekim 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Mayıs 2023
Kabul Tarihi 7 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

AMA Keser Şahin HH, Aslan O, Baş Y. Tiroid Kanserlerinde Histomorfolojik Bulguların Değerlendirilmesi ve Diyabet ile Birlikteliği. Hitit Medical Journal. Ekim 2023;5(3):180-184. doi:10.52827/hititmedj.1301998