Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

BİR AKADEMİK GİRİŞİMİN (SPIN-OFF) KÜRESEL BİR ŞİRKETE DÖNÜŞÜM SÜRECİNDE YENİLİKLERİN ROLÜ: HEWLETT-PACKARD (HP) ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 20 - 38, 19.08.2023

Abstract

Akademik girişim (spin-off), kısaca üniversite öğrencileri ve/veya akademisyenler tarafından geliştirdikleri mal veya hizmeti ticarileştirmek üzere kurulan bir şirkettir. Kimi akademik girişimler belli bir süre (20-40 yıl) sonra büyeyerek küresel bir şirkete dönüşmektedir. Bu çalışmada, bu şirketlerden biri olan Hewlett-Packard (HP) doküman analizi tekniği ile incelenmiştir. HP, Stanford Üniversitesi’nde Profesör Terman’ın destekleriyle öğrencileri Hewlett ve Packard tarafından 1939 yılında 538 $ sermaye ile kurulmuştur. HP’nin kuruluş sürecini başlatan ürün, Hewlett’ın üniversitedeki araştırmalarıyla icat ettiği ses osilatörüdür. Bu ürünü ticarileştirmek üzere “garajdaki mucitler” olarak adlandırılan Hewlett ve Packard tarafından kurulan HP, geliştirdiği yeni ürünlerle 1970’lerden itibaren küresel bir şirkete dönüşmüştür. HP’nin evrim sürecinde başlıca şu unsurların etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir: Girişimcilik ekosistemi (HP’nin kurulmasıyla filizlenen ve dünyanın başlıca girişimcilik merkezi olan Silikon Vadisi), yenilikçi akademisyen (Silikon Vadisi’nin akademik mimarı Profesör Terman), mucit (yeni ürünler geliştiren Hewlett ve Packard), icat (HP’nin geliştirdiği ürünler), yenilikçi girişimci (Hewlett ve Packard), Ar-Ge faaliyetleri (HP’nin Ar-Ge laboratuvarları kurması), ürünleri yenileme yeteneği ve hızı (sürdürülebilir yenilik) ile kurumsal kültür (HP’nin kurucularının oluşturduğu kültür, HP Way).

References

  • Adams, S. B. (2004). Silicon Valley and Stanford University: Modifying The Formula For Development Of A High-Tech Region. Academy of Management Proceedings A1-A6.
  • Adams, S. B. (2011). Growing Where You Are Planted: Exogenous Firms and The Seeding of Silicon Valley. Research Policy, 40, 368-379.
  • Adams, S. B. (2017). Before The Garage: The Innovation System That Produced Silicon Valley. For presentation at the Approaches to Capitalism Workshop The Stanford Humanities Center, 34 p.
  • Adams, S. B. (2020). From Orchards to Chips: Silicon Valley’s Evolving Entrepreneurial Ecosystem. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development. 33 (1), 1-21.
  • Amaral, J. and Kuettner, D. (2008). Analyzing Supply Chains at HP Using Spreadsheet Models. Interfaces, Informs, 38 (4), 228-240.
  • Audia, P. G. and Rider, C. I. (2005). A Garage and an Idea: What More Does an Entrepreneur Need? California Management Review, 48 (1), 6-28.
  • Balderi, C. and Piccaluga, A. (2010). A Theoretical and Empirical Contribution for A Better Understanding of Academic Spin-offs’ Growth Patterns. Management and Innovazione Working Paper, 36 p.
  • Beer, M. and Rogers, G. C. (1995). Human Resources at Hewlett-Packard (A)and (B) TN. Harvard Business School Teaching Note 497-022. 30 p.
  • Benneworth, P. and Charles, D. (2004). University Spin-Off Companies and The Territorial Knowledge Pool: Building Regional Innovation Competencies. Druid Summer Conference on Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, Denmark.
  • Beyer, D., Clearwater, S., Chen, K. Y., Feng, O., Huberman, B. A., Jain, S., Jamal, Z., Şen, Alper, Tang, H. K., Tarjan, B., Ward, J., Zhang, A. Zhang, B. (2010). Advances in Business Analytics at HP Laboratories. In M.S. Sodhi, C.S. Tang (eds.), A Long View of Research and Practice in Operations Research and Management Science, 137-173. Billington, C., Callioni, G., Crane, B., Ruark, J. D., Rapp, J. U., Willems, T. W. S. (2004). Accelerating the Profitability of Hewlett-Packard’s Supply Chains. Interfaces, 34 (1), 59-72.
  • Bolzani, D., Fini, R., Grimaldi, R. and Sobrero, M. (2014). University Spin-Offs and Their Impact: Longitudinal Evidence from Italy. Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 41 (4), 237-263.
  • Bowen, H. K. and Purrington, C. (1997). Hewlett Packard: Creating, Running and Growing an Enduring Company. Harvard Business School Case 698-052.
  • Brant, D. J. (2004). The Impact of Strategic Implementation on the Employees and Contractors of the Hewlett-Packard Company. Doctor thesis of Bournemouth University.
  • Bruner, R. F. and Buchanan, A. D. (2008). The Merger of Hewlett-Packard and Compaq (A): Strategy and Valuation. Darden School of Business, University of Virgina, 25 p.
  • Burgelman, R. A. (2017). Becoming Hewlett Packard: Why Strategic Leadership Matters, Oxford University Press, forthcoming. 15 p.
  • Burman, M., Gershwin, S. B. and Suyematsu, C. (1998). Hewlett-Packard Uses Operations Research to Improve the Design of a Printer Production Line. Interfaces,28 (1), 24-36.
  • Carbonell, P. and Escudero A. I. R. (2010). The Effect of Market Orientation on Innovation Speed and New Product Performance. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 25 (7), 501-513.
  • Chabchouba, N. and Niosi, J. (2005). Explaining the Propensity to Patent Computer Software. Technovation, 25, 971-978.
  • Çelik, F. (2021). Bölgesel Kalkınmada Girişimci Üniversite Modeli: Limerick Üniversitesi Örneği. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12 (2), 70-86.
  • Douglass, J, A. and King, C. J. (2018).The Role of Universities in Economic Competitiveness in California: A Case Study for the Catalan Association of Public Universities. 118 p.
  • Elliott, K., Patacconi, A., Swierzbinski, A. J. and Williams, J. (2018). Knowledge Protection in Firms: A Conceptual Framework and Evidence from HP Labs. 28 p.
  • Elsbach, K. D., Stigliani, I., Stroud, A. (2012). The Building of Employee Distrust: A Case Study of Hewlett-Packard From 1995 to 2010. Organizational Dynamics,41, 254-263.
  • Erden, Y. ve Yurtseven, A. E. (2012). Establishment and Development of Academic Spin-Off Firms by Evidence from Turkey and Some Policy Recommendations. Science and Technology Policies Research Center TEKPOL Working Paper (STPS-WP-12/04).
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2003a). Innovation in Innovation: The Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations. Social Science Information, 42 (3), 293- 337.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2003b). Research Groups as ‘QuasiFirms’: The Invention of the Entrepreneurial University. Research Policy, 32 (1), 109-121.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2005). Making Science Cities: The “Triple Helix” of Regional Growth and Renewal.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2010). Entrepreneurial Universities for the UK: A ‘Stanford University’ at Bamburgh Castle? Industry and Higher Education.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2011). Stanford and Silicon Valley: The Co-evolution of Technology Transfer and Regional Absorptive Capacity; 1930-2005. Triple Helix IX Conference, Stanford University.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2012).Silicon Valley: The Sustainability of an Innovative Region.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2013). Anatomy of the Entrepreneurial University. Social Science Information, 52 (3), 486-511.
  • Etzkowitz, H. ve Klofsten, M. (2005). The Innovating Region: Toward a Theory of Knowledge-based Regional Development. R&D Manage, 35 (3), 243- 255.
  • Etzkowitz, H., Asplund, P. ve Nordman, N. (2001). Beyond Humboldt: Emergence of Academic Entrepreneurship in the U.S. and Sweden. Umeå University, Sweden. 34 p.
  • Etzkowitz, H., Ranga, M., Benner, M., Guaranys, L., Maculan, A. M. ve Kneller, R. (2008). Pathways to the Entrepreneurial University: Towards a Global Convergence. Science and Public Policy, 35 (9), 681- 695.
  • Feurer, R., Chaharbaghi, K. and Wargin, J. (1995). Analysis of Strategy Formulation and Implementation at Hewlett‐Packard. Management Decision, 33 (10), 4-16.
  • Franklin, E. L. and Mujtaba, B. G. (2007). International Growth and Human Resource Management Challenges: A Review Of Hewlett-Packard’s Efforts To Maintain The HP Way. Journal of Business Case Studies, 3 (1), 5-14.
  • Fredrickson, B. M. (2020). The Laird-Packard Way: Unpacking Defense Acquisition Policy. Air University Press Muir S. Fairchild Research Information Center Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama. 121 p.
  • Hewlett-Packard (HP) (1997). Fundamentals of the Electronic Counters. 43 p.
  • Hirsh, S. and Dinkelacker, J. (2004). Seeking Information in Order to Produce Information: An Empirical Study at Hewlett Packard Labs. Journal of The American Society for Information Science and Technology, 55 (9), 807-817.
  • House, C. (2013). Scientific Computing: HP as a Computer Company? Digitizing Measurements - A Difficult Transition for Instrument Companies? Analog History, Portland, 20 p.
  • House, C. (2015). Confronting Culture Clash: Building a New Consensus at Hewlett-Packard. Research-Technology Management, May-June, 21-29.
  • Hulsink, W., Manuel, D. and Bouwman, H. (2007). Clustering in ICT: From Route 128 to Silicon Valley, From DEC to Google, From Hardware to Content. Erasmus University, Rotterdam. 28 p.
  • Huseini, M. S. G. M. (2018). Innovation Strategy of Hewlett-Packard Indonesia to Compete in Information Technology Industry. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara, 15 (1), 1-12.
  • Jauhari, V. and Bernad, M. (2010). University-Industry Collaboration: An Open Innovation Approach at Hewlett-Packard. Journal of Technology Management for Growing Economies, 1 (1), 23-33.
  • Kalmarova, Z. (2012). Approaches to International Resourcing and Recruitment - The Need to Attract a More Diverse Workforce: A Case Study on Hewlett-Packard. Human Resources Management and Ergonomics, 12, 106-114.
  • Kamal, Y. and Ferdousi, M. (2009). Managing Diversity at Workplace: A Case Study of hp. ASA University Review, 3 (2), 157-170.
  • Khalifa, N. Y., Alsaid, H. M. and George, S. (2016). A Comparative Analysis of Strategies and Business Models of Dell Inc. and Hewlett Packard (HP). International Journal of Research in Management, Economics and Commerce, 6 (6), 1-15.
  • Landabaso, M. and Reid, A. (1999). Developing Regional Innovation Strategies: The European Commission as Animateur, in Regional Innovation Strategies. Morgan, K. and Nauwelaers, C. (Ed.) The Stationery Office. Regional Studies Association, 18-38.
  • Laval, C., Feyhl, M. and Kakouros, S. (2005). Hewlett-Packard Combined or and Expert Knowledge to Design Its Supply Chains. Interfaces, Informs, 35 (3), 238-247.
  • Lebret, H. (2017). Startups and Stanford University. An Analysis of The Entrepreneurial Activity of The Stanford Community Over 50 years.
  • Lee, H. L. and Billington, C. (1995). The Evolution of Supply-Chain-Management Models and Practice at Hewlett Packard. Interfaces, 25 (5), 42-63.
  • Lenoir, T. (2014). Inventing The Entrepreneurial University: Stanford and The Co-evolution of Silicon Valley. In T. Allen & R. O’Shea (Eds.), Building Technology Transfer within Research Universities: An Entrepreneurial Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 88-128.
  • Lynn, G. S. and Akgün, A. E. (2001). Project Visioning: Its Components and Impact on New Product Success. The Journal of Product Innovation Management, 18, 374-387.
  • McIntyre, K. and Ortiz, J. A. (2016). Multinational Corporations and the Circular Economy: How Hewlett Packard Scales Innovation and Technology in Its Global Supply Chain. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara, 15 (1), 317-330.
  • Menke, M., Xu, Q. and Gu, L. (2007). An Analysis of The Universality, Flexibility and Agility of Total Innovation Management: A Case Study of Hewlett-Packard. Journal of Technol Transfer, 32, 49-62.
  • Morris, M. et al. (1998). Conflict Management Style: Accounting for Cross-National Differences. Journal of International Business Studies, 29 (4), 729-748.
  • National Research Council (NRC) (2013). Best Practices in State and Regional Innovation Initiatives: Competing in the 21st Century. (Editor: C. W. Wessner), 256 p.
  • Naveen, B. R. (2018). Entrepreneurship and Start-up Ecosystem at Indian Academic Institutes: A Students Perspective. 6th International Conference on Business Analytics and Intelligence (ICBAI), India, 517-527.
  • Nymark, S. R. (2000). Value-Based Management in Learning Organizations Through ‘Hard’ and ‘Soft’ Managerial Approaches: The Case of Hewlett-Packard. DRUID Working Paper, 21 p.
  • Ogunleye, J. and Tankeh, A. (2006). Creativity and Innovation in IT Industry: An Assessment of Trends in Research and Development Expenditures and Funding with Particular Reference to IBM, HP, Dell, Sun, Fujitsu and Oracle. Journal of Current Research in Global Business, 9 (14), 75-85.
  • Packard, D. (2005). The HP Way: How Bill Hewlett and I Built Our Company. Edited by Dave Kirby and Karen Lewis. HarperCollins Publishers Inc., New York. 166 p.
  • Paroutis, S., Mckeown, M. and Collinson, S. (2013). Building Castles From Sand: Unlocking CEO Mythopoetical Behaviour in Hewlett Packard from 1978 to 2005. Business History, 55 (7), 1200-1227.
  • Petrakis, P. E. (2012). Entrepreneurship, University Research and Growth: European North vs. South. Entrepreneurship - Born, Made and Educated (Ed.: Thierry Burger-Helmchen), 127-158.
  • Pham-Gia, K. (2009). Case Study: Hewlett-Packard - Any Chance to Beat Its Global Competitors? GRIN Verlag, 56 p.
  • Pique, J. M., Berbegal-Mirabent, J. and Etzkowitz, H. (2018). Triple Helix and the Evolution of Ecosystems of Innovation: The Case of Silicon Valley. Triple Helix, 5 (11), 21 p.
  • Pique, J. M., Berbegal-Mirabent, J. and Etzkowitz, H. (2020). The Role of Universities in Shaping the Evolution of Silicon Valley’s Ecosystem of Innovation. Triple Helix Journal, 1-45.
  • Rahmede, F. (2016). Envelopment Strategies in Platform Markets Analysis of Hewlett-Packard Company (2006-2011). 7th IBA Bachelor Thesis Conference, Netherlands.
  • Rega, J. (2014). Hewlett-Packard Change Creativity and Innovation. 19 p.
  • Relvas, I. (2012). iQuit: HP in the Post-PC Era. MSc in Business Administration at the Universidade Católica Portuguesa.
  • Sandström, C. (2013). Facit and the Displacement of Mechanical Calculators. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing Published by the IEEE Computer Society. 12 p.
  • Shah, M. (2012). A Review of Hewlett-Packard’s Patent Portfolio. https://www.trefis.com.
  • Smith, B. M. (2015). David Packard’s Legacy on American Military Policy. Air Command And Staff College, Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama.
  • SU (Stanford University) (2016). Start-ups. Stanford University Office of Technology Licensing Annual Report.
  • SU (2020). Stanford Facts 2020. 60 p.
  • Tandon, R., Chakraborty, A., Srinivasan, G., Shroff, M., Abdullah, A., Shamasundar, B., Sinha, R., Subramanian, S., Hill, D., Dhore, P. (2013). Hewlett Packard: Delivering Profitable Growth for HPDirect.com Using Operations Research. Interfaces, 43 (1), 48-61.
  • Upadhyayula, S. (2001). Rapid and Flexible Product Development: An Analysis of Software Projects at Hewlett Packard and Agilent. The Degree of Master at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  • Vrontis, D. and Thrassou, A. (2006). A Critical Evaluation of Strategic Market Entry Theories and Practices: The Case of Hewlett-Packard. Journal International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 3 (1/2), 152-170.
  • Yu, D. and Hang, C. C. (2010). A Reflective Review of Disruptive Innovation Theory. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12, 435-452.
  • Zhang, H. (2010). Research Hewlett Packard Through Its Value Chain. International Journal of Business and Management, 5 (8), 179-190.
  • Zhang, J. (2003). High-Tech Start-Ups and Industry Dynamics in Silicon Valley. Public Policy Institute of California.
Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 20 - 38, 19.08.2023

Abstract

References

  • Adams, S. B. (2004). Silicon Valley and Stanford University: Modifying The Formula For Development Of A High-Tech Region. Academy of Management Proceedings A1-A6.
  • Adams, S. B. (2011). Growing Where You Are Planted: Exogenous Firms and The Seeding of Silicon Valley. Research Policy, 40, 368-379.
  • Adams, S. B. (2017). Before The Garage: The Innovation System That Produced Silicon Valley. For presentation at the Approaches to Capitalism Workshop The Stanford Humanities Center, 34 p.
  • Adams, S. B. (2020). From Orchards to Chips: Silicon Valley’s Evolving Entrepreneurial Ecosystem. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development. 33 (1), 1-21.
  • Amaral, J. and Kuettner, D. (2008). Analyzing Supply Chains at HP Using Spreadsheet Models. Interfaces, Informs, 38 (4), 228-240.
  • Audia, P. G. and Rider, C. I. (2005). A Garage and an Idea: What More Does an Entrepreneur Need? California Management Review, 48 (1), 6-28.
  • Balderi, C. and Piccaluga, A. (2010). A Theoretical and Empirical Contribution for A Better Understanding of Academic Spin-offs’ Growth Patterns. Management and Innovazione Working Paper, 36 p.
  • Beer, M. and Rogers, G. C. (1995). Human Resources at Hewlett-Packard (A)and (B) TN. Harvard Business School Teaching Note 497-022. 30 p.
  • Benneworth, P. and Charles, D. (2004). University Spin-Off Companies and The Territorial Knowledge Pool: Building Regional Innovation Competencies. Druid Summer Conference on Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, Denmark.
  • Beyer, D., Clearwater, S., Chen, K. Y., Feng, O., Huberman, B. A., Jain, S., Jamal, Z., Şen, Alper, Tang, H. K., Tarjan, B., Ward, J., Zhang, A. Zhang, B. (2010). Advances in Business Analytics at HP Laboratories. In M.S. Sodhi, C.S. Tang (eds.), A Long View of Research and Practice in Operations Research and Management Science, 137-173. Billington, C., Callioni, G., Crane, B., Ruark, J. D., Rapp, J. U., Willems, T. W. S. (2004). Accelerating the Profitability of Hewlett-Packard’s Supply Chains. Interfaces, 34 (1), 59-72.
  • Bolzani, D., Fini, R., Grimaldi, R. and Sobrero, M. (2014). University Spin-Offs and Their Impact: Longitudinal Evidence from Italy. Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 41 (4), 237-263.
  • Bowen, H. K. and Purrington, C. (1997). Hewlett Packard: Creating, Running and Growing an Enduring Company. Harvard Business School Case 698-052.
  • Brant, D. J. (2004). The Impact of Strategic Implementation on the Employees and Contractors of the Hewlett-Packard Company. Doctor thesis of Bournemouth University.
  • Bruner, R. F. and Buchanan, A. D. (2008). The Merger of Hewlett-Packard and Compaq (A): Strategy and Valuation. Darden School of Business, University of Virgina, 25 p.
  • Burgelman, R. A. (2017). Becoming Hewlett Packard: Why Strategic Leadership Matters, Oxford University Press, forthcoming. 15 p.
  • Burman, M., Gershwin, S. B. and Suyematsu, C. (1998). Hewlett-Packard Uses Operations Research to Improve the Design of a Printer Production Line. Interfaces,28 (1), 24-36.
  • Carbonell, P. and Escudero A. I. R. (2010). The Effect of Market Orientation on Innovation Speed and New Product Performance. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 25 (7), 501-513.
  • Chabchouba, N. and Niosi, J. (2005). Explaining the Propensity to Patent Computer Software. Technovation, 25, 971-978.
  • Çelik, F. (2021). Bölgesel Kalkınmada Girişimci Üniversite Modeli: Limerick Üniversitesi Örneği. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12 (2), 70-86.
  • Douglass, J, A. and King, C. J. (2018).The Role of Universities in Economic Competitiveness in California: A Case Study for the Catalan Association of Public Universities. 118 p.
  • Elliott, K., Patacconi, A., Swierzbinski, A. J. and Williams, J. (2018). Knowledge Protection in Firms: A Conceptual Framework and Evidence from HP Labs. 28 p.
  • Elsbach, K. D., Stigliani, I., Stroud, A. (2012). The Building of Employee Distrust: A Case Study of Hewlett-Packard From 1995 to 2010. Organizational Dynamics,41, 254-263.
  • Erden, Y. ve Yurtseven, A. E. (2012). Establishment and Development of Academic Spin-Off Firms by Evidence from Turkey and Some Policy Recommendations. Science and Technology Policies Research Center TEKPOL Working Paper (STPS-WP-12/04).
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2003a). Innovation in Innovation: The Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations. Social Science Information, 42 (3), 293- 337.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2003b). Research Groups as ‘QuasiFirms’: The Invention of the Entrepreneurial University. Research Policy, 32 (1), 109-121.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2005). Making Science Cities: The “Triple Helix” of Regional Growth and Renewal.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2010). Entrepreneurial Universities for the UK: A ‘Stanford University’ at Bamburgh Castle? Industry and Higher Education.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2011). Stanford and Silicon Valley: The Co-evolution of Technology Transfer and Regional Absorptive Capacity; 1930-2005. Triple Helix IX Conference, Stanford University.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2012).Silicon Valley: The Sustainability of an Innovative Region.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2013). Anatomy of the Entrepreneurial University. Social Science Information, 52 (3), 486-511.
  • Etzkowitz, H. ve Klofsten, M. (2005). The Innovating Region: Toward a Theory of Knowledge-based Regional Development. R&D Manage, 35 (3), 243- 255.
  • Etzkowitz, H., Asplund, P. ve Nordman, N. (2001). Beyond Humboldt: Emergence of Academic Entrepreneurship in the U.S. and Sweden. Umeå University, Sweden. 34 p.
  • Etzkowitz, H., Ranga, M., Benner, M., Guaranys, L., Maculan, A. M. ve Kneller, R. (2008). Pathways to the Entrepreneurial University: Towards a Global Convergence. Science and Public Policy, 35 (9), 681- 695.
  • Feurer, R., Chaharbaghi, K. and Wargin, J. (1995). Analysis of Strategy Formulation and Implementation at Hewlett‐Packard. Management Decision, 33 (10), 4-16.
  • Franklin, E. L. and Mujtaba, B. G. (2007). International Growth and Human Resource Management Challenges: A Review Of Hewlett-Packard’s Efforts To Maintain The HP Way. Journal of Business Case Studies, 3 (1), 5-14.
  • Fredrickson, B. M. (2020). The Laird-Packard Way: Unpacking Defense Acquisition Policy. Air University Press Muir S. Fairchild Research Information Center Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama. 121 p.
  • Hewlett-Packard (HP) (1997). Fundamentals of the Electronic Counters. 43 p.
  • Hirsh, S. and Dinkelacker, J. (2004). Seeking Information in Order to Produce Information: An Empirical Study at Hewlett Packard Labs. Journal of The American Society for Information Science and Technology, 55 (9), 807-817.
  • House, C. (2013). Scientific Computing: HP as a Computer Company? Digitizing Measurements - A Difficult Transition for Instrument Companies? Analog History, Portland, 20 p.
  • House, C. (2015). Confronting Culture Clash: Building a New Consensus at Hewlett-Packard. Research-Technology Management, May-June, 21-29.
  • Hulsink, W., Manuel, D. and Bouwman, H. (2007). Clustering in ICT: From Route 128 to Silicon Valley, From DEC to Google, From Hardware to Content. Erasmus University, Rotterdam. 28 p.
  • Huseini, M. S. G. M. (2018). Innovation Strategy of Hewlett-Packard Indonesia to Compete in Information Technology Industry. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara, 15 (1), 1-12.
  • Jauhari, V. and Bernad, M. (2010). University-Industry Collaboration: An Open Innovation Approach at Hewlett-Packard. Journal of Technology Management for Growing Economies, 1 (1), 23-33.
  • Kalmarova, Z. (2012). Approaches to International Resourcing and Recruitment - The Need to Attract a More Diverse Workforce: A Case Study on Hewlett-Packard. Human Resources Management and Ergonomics, 12, 106-114.
  • Kamal, Y. and Ferdousi, M. (2009). Managing Diversity at Workplace: A Case Study of hp. ASA University Review, 3 (2), 157-170.
  • Khalifa, N. Y., Alsaid, H. M. and George, S. (2016). A Comparative Analysis of Strategies and Business Models of Dell Inc. and Hewlett Packard (HP). International Journal of Research in Management, Economics and Commerce, 6 (6), 1-15.
  • Landabaso, M. and Reid, A. (1999). Developing Regional Innovation Strategies: The European Commission as Animateur, in Regional Innovation Strategies. Morgan, K. and Nauwelaers, C. (Ed.) The Stationery Office. Regional Studies Association, 18-38.
  • Laval, C., Feyhl, M. and Kakouros, S. (2005). Hewlett-Packard Combined or and Expert Knowledge to Design Its Supply Chains. Interfaces, Informs, 35 (3), 238-247.
  • Lebret, H. (2017). Startups and Stanford University. An Analysis of The Entrepreneurial Activity of The Stanford Community Over 50 years.
  • Lee, H. L. and Billington, C. (1995). The Evolution of Supply-Chain-Management Models and Practice at Hewlett Packard. Interfaces, 25 (5), 42-63.
  • Lenoir, T. (2014). Inventing The Entrepreneurial University: Stanford and The Co-evolution of Silicon Valley. In T. Allen & R. O’Shea (Eds.), Building Technology Transfer within Research Universities: An Entrepreneurial Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 88-128.
  • Lynn, G. S. and Akgün, A. E. (2001). Project Visioning: Its Components and Impact on New Product Success. The Journal of Product Innovation Management, 18, 374-387.
  • McIntyre, K. and Ortiz, J. A. (2016). Multinational Corporations and the Circular Economy: How Hewlett Packard Scales Innovation and Technology in Its Global Supply Chain. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara, 15 (1), 317-330.
  • Menke, M., Xu, Q. and Gu, L. (2007). An Analysis of The Universality, Flexibility and Agility of Total Innovation Management: A Case Study of Hewlett-Packard. Journal of Technol Transfer, 32, 49-62.
  • Morris, M. et al. (1998). Conflict Management Style: Accounting for Cross-National Differences. Journal of International Business Studies, 29 (4), 729-748.
  • National Research Council (NRC) (2013). Best Practices in State and Regional Innovation Initiatives: Competing in the 21st Century. (Editor: C. W. Wessner), 256 p.
  • Naveen, B. R. (2018). Entrepreneurship and Start-up Ecosystem at Indian Academic Institutes: A Students Perspective. 6th International Conference on Business Analytics and Intelligence (ICBAI), India, 517-527.
  • Nymark, S. R. (2000). Value-Based Management in Learning Organizations Through ‘Hard’ and ‘Soft’ Managerial Approaches: The Case of Hewlett-Packard. DRUID Working Paper, 21 p.
  • Ogunleye, J. and Tankeh, A. (2006). Creativity and Innovation in IT Industry: An Assessment of Trends in Research and Development Expenditures and Funding with Particular Reference to IBM, HP, Dell, Sun, Fujitsu and Oracle. Journal of Current Research in Global Business, 9 (14), 75-85.
  • Packard, D. (2005). The HP Way: How Bill Hewlett and I Built Our Company. Edited by Dave Kirby and Karen Lewis. HarperCollins Publishers Inc., New York. 166 p.
  • Paroutis, S., Mckeown, M. and Collinson, S. (2013). Building Castles From Sand: Unlocking CEO Mythopoetical Behaviour in Hewlett Packard from 1978 to 2005. Business History, 55 (7), 1200-1227.
  • Petrakis, P. E. (2012). Entrepreneurship, University Research and Growth: European North vs. South. Entrepreneurship - Born, Made and Educated (Ed.: Thierry Burger-Helmchen), 127-158.
  • Pham-Gia, K. (2009). Case Study: Hewlett-Packard - Any Chance to Beat Its Global Competitors? GRIN Verlag, 56 p.
  • Pique, J. M., Berbegal-Mirabent, J. and Etzkowitz, H. (2018). Triple Helix and the Evolution of Ecosystems of Innovation: The Case of Silicon Valley. Triple Helix, 5 (11), 21 p.
  • Pique, J. M., Berbegal-Mirabent, J. and Etzkowitz, H. (2020). The Role of Universities in Shaping the Evolution of Silicon Valley’s Ecosystem of Innovation. Triple Helix Journal, 1-45.
  • Rahmede, F. (2016). Envelopment Strategies in Platform Markets Analysis of Hewlett-Packard Company (2006-2011). 7th IBA Bachelor Thesis Conference, Netherlands.
  • Rega, J. (2014). Hewlett-Packard Change Creativity and Innovation. 19 p.
  • Relvas, I. (2012). iQuit: HP in the Post-PC Era. MSc in Business Administration at the Universidade Católica Portuguesa.
  • Sandström, C. (2013). Facit and the Displacement of Mechanical Calculators. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing Published by the IEEE Computer Society. 12 p.
  • Shah, M. (2012). A Review of Hewlett-Packard’s Patent Portfolio. https://www.trefis.com.
  • Smith, B. M. (2015). David Packard’s Legacy on American Military Policy. Air Command And Staff College, Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama.
  • SU (Stanford University) (2016). Start-ups. Stanford University Office of Technology Licensing Annual Report.
  • SU (2020). Stanford Facts 2020. 60 p.
  • Tandon, R., Chakraborty, A., Srinivasan, G., Shroff, M., Abdullah, A., Shamasundar, B., Sinha, R., Subramanian, S., Hill, D., Dhore, P. (2013). Hewlett Packard: Delivering Profitable Growth for HPDirect.com Using Operations Research. Interfaces, 43 (1), 48-61.
  • Upadhyayula, S. (2001). Rapid and Flexible Product Development: An Analysis of Software Projects at Hewlett Packard and Agilent. The Degree of Master at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  • Vrontis, D. and Thrassou, A. (2006). A Critical Evaluation of Strategic Market Entry Theories and Practices: The Case of Hewlett-Packard. Journal International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 3 (1/2), 152-170.
  • Yu, D. and Hang, C. C. (2010). A Reflective Review of Disruptive Innovation Theory. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12, 435-452.
  • Zhang, H. (2010). Research Hewlett Packard Through Its Value Chain. International Journal of Business and Management, 5 (8), 179-190.
  • Zhang, J. (2003). High-Tech Start-Ups and Industry Dynamics in Silicon Valley. Public Policy Institute of California.
There are 79 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Entrepreneurship
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Fatih Çelik 0000-0002-4486-5722

Publication Date August 19, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çelik, F. (2023). BİR AKADEMİK GİRİŞİMİN (SPIN-OFF) KÜRESEL BİR ŞİRKETE DÖNÜŞÜM SÜRECİNDE YENİLİKLERİN ROLÜ: HEWLETT-PACKARD (HP) ÖRNEĞİ. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(2), 20-38.